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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*ar-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to make magic, cast spells 2 to deceiveface="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëäîâàòü, çàêëèíàòü 2 îáìàíûâàòüface="Times New Roman Star"ar- 2 (Orkh., OUygh.), arvys? 'magic' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ar- 1 (MK, KB), arva- 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"arpag| 'magic' (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"arby- 1 (Sib., ÊÑÒÒ 103)face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1 (Sangl., Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"avra- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"a(r)ba- 1face="Times New Roman Star"arva- 1 (ßÆÓ 16)
face="Times New Roman Star"arvax dial. 'evil spirit'face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, arbys? 'magic'face="Times New Roman Star"arba-n- 'to scold'

face="Times New Roman Star"arba:- 1 (Ïåê. I 139 'to praise for magic purposes')


face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, 2

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 193, 199, VEWT 24, ÝÑÒß I 168-170. Turk. > MMong. arba- 'to put spells' (SH 8); Turk. arbys? > Mong. arbis 'knowledge' (Clark 1980, 41).
face="Times New Roman Star"*apa-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"grasshopperface="Times New Roman Star"êóçíå÷èê










face="Times New Roman Star"abac?aqface="Times New Roman Star"abac?yjaq
face="Times New Roman Star"oba l@w|b@w|z?@w| 'áàáî÷êà ñîâêà', oba núrri 'ìåäâåäêà (íàñåêîìîå)'













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 1. Contaminations with abac?y '÷ó÷åëî', aba 'father > bear'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KApun| (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bumble-beeface="Times New Roman Star"øìåëüface="Times New Roman Star"qabun| (OUygh. - Suv.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"ÄÒÑ 399.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 vehicle, cart 2 skis, sleighface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïîâîçêà 2 ëûæè, ñàíèface="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"kag|ny, dial. kanny, kangylly 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (Sangl., Houts., AH) 1




face="Times New Roman Star"xan|a: 1face="Times New Roman Star"qan|na 2




face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k 2face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ha 2 (ÔèË 91)







face="Times New Roman Star"g|an|ly 1
face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 531, EDT 638, ÝÑÒß 5, 259-260, Ëåêñèêà 533.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ge.linface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bride, daughter-in-lawface="Times New Roman Star"íåâåñòà, íåâåñòêàface="Times New Roman Star"kelin|-u"n (Orkh., Coll.), kelin (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"kelin (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"gelinface="Times New Roman Star"kilenface="Times New Roman Star"kelin (Sangl., Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelin (Malov)face="Times New Roman Star"ga"linface="Times New Roman Star"gelinface="Times New Roman Star"kil@nface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"ka"lin (ga"lin < Az.)face="Times New Roman Star"kin, kil@n-face="Times New Roman Star"kiji:t (*plur.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"helin, henni-face="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kilenface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"gelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kelinface="Times New Roman Star"kein, kiin (ÑÑß)face="Times New Roman Star"gelinface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, EDT 719, ÝÑÒß 3, 16-18, Ëåêñèêà 302.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kartalface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"variegated (sheep)face="Times New Roman Star"ïåñòðûé (áàðàí)
face="Times New Roman Star"qartal qoj (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 648-649.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a:r-tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 back 2 mountain passface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñïèíà, çàäíÿÿ ñòîðîíà; 2 ïåðåâàëface="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"art (-dy) 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1 (Pav. C.), 2 (Áîð. Áàä.)face="Times New Roman Star"o|rt 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ard; art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ard 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:rt 1
face="Times New Roman Star"artyg| 'shoal'face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ha:rt 1
face="Times New Roman Star"a:rtyk 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a'rt 1face="Times New Roman Star"a'rt 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"a:rd 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"ard/i 1face="Times New Roman Star"art 1face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 200-201, VEWT 26-27, ÝÑÒß 1, 179-180.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KEn|di-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to gnawface="Times New Roman Star"ãëîäàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"ken|di- (KB)







face="Times New Roman Star"ken|ne- (R. Sag.)face="Times New Roman Star"ken|di-
















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 253 (all forms found only in Radlov's dictionary: R 2, 1071, 1072).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:c?aface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"earthenware vessel, cupface="Times New Roman Star"ãëèíÿíûé ñîñóä, ÷àøà
face="Times New Roman Star"qac?a (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kap-kaz?|ak


face="Times New Roman Star"qac?a
face="Times New Roman Star"Gab-Gaz?|aGface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:p-Ga:z?|aG




face="Times New Roman Star"xa:hax 'big leather-bag, big leather-sack'












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217 (hardly < Pers.), EDT 590, ÝÑÒß 5, 342-343.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jir/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"Artemisia abrotononface="Times New Roman Star"âèä ïîëûíèface="Times New Roman Star"jiz ( ? -e-) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jiz ( ? -e-) (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 982, VEWT 204.
face="Times New Roman Star"*job-lac? (*jabu-lac?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fine goat's hairface="Times New Roman Star"òîíêàÿ êîçüÿ øåðñòü
face="Times New Roman Star"jovlac? (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 870.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAlmaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a thick quilted coatface="Times New Roman Star"òîëñòàÿ ñòåãàíàÿ êóðòêàface="Times New Roman Star"jalma (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jalma (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 929, TMN 4, 190-192.
face="Times New Roman Star"*botuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"young of camelface="Times New Roman Star"âåðáëþæîíîê
face="Times New Roman Star"botu (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"potak (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"butaface="Times New Roman Star"bota 'child; young of animal' (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"bo.taface="Times New Roman Star"bota
face="Times New Roman Star"pota 'young of buffalo, bear'









face="Times New Roman Star"botoface="Times New Roman Star"botaface="Times New Roman Star"botaface="Times New Roman Star"buta

face="Times New Roman Star"botaface="Times New Roman Star"bota

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 299, ÝÑÒß 2, 198-200, Ëåêñèêà 448 (with an error: the Az. form is listed as Turkm.) ( > MMong. botog|an, KW 53, TMN 2, 328-329, Ùåðáàê 1997, 109; Oyr. boto:n and Tuva bo'dag|an are probably backloans from Mong.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:pa(k)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 wooden fork 2 shovelface="Times New Roman Star"1 äåðåâÿííûå âèëû 2 ëîïàòà

face="Times New Roman Star"jaba 1, dial. 2face="Times New Roman Star"jabaface="Times New Roman Star"japa (Pav. C.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"ja:wa (dial.) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"jaba 1face="Times New Roman Star"ja:baq, ja:ba 1









face="Times New Roman Star"z?aba (dial.) 1


face="Times New Roman Star"jaba 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aba 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?aba 1face="Times New Roman Star"jo:wa, jowa 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 187, ÝÑÒß 4, 45. Not quite clear are fronted cognates: Yak. seb, Kumd. jep, Tat., Bashk. j@p 'fork, bifurcation'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*japyl/gakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 small louse 2 nit 3 a k. of gad-fly 4 leechface="Times New Roman Star"1 ìàëåíüêàÿ âîøü 2 ãíèäà 3 âèä îâîäà 4 ïèÿâêà


face="Times New Roman Star"jabys?qaq 2, 3




face="Times New Roman Star"japys?aq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"japs?yq, d/aps?yq 3








face="Times New Roman Star"ja"bes?ke|k 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"japys?qan 4



face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 134.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"gen
face="Times New Roman Star"large intestineface="Times New Roman Star"òîëñòàÿ êèøêà
face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gen (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"bo"venface="Times New Roman Star"po":n
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n



face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ja"n


face="Times New Roman Star"bu"jen

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 205, Ëåêñèêà 279, VEWT 83, EDT 328.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ban|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to trot, ride 2 trotface="Times New Roman Star"1 èäòè ðûñüþ, ñêàêàòü 2 áåãface="Times New Roman Star"man| 'a step' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"man|- (KB) 1face="Times New Roman Star"man- (dial.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"man|- (Sangl.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"man|- 1face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2, man|- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"man|yj- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"man|- 1face="Times New Roman Star"man|- 1face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2, man|- 1face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2face="Times New Roman Star"man| 2






face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 766, 767, VEWT 326.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jakuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"coatface="Times New Roman Star"ïëàù, øóáà
face="Times New Roman Star"jaqu (MK)









face="Times New Roman Star"jaqqy, d/aqqy, jaqa, d/aqa

face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ynn/ax
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|y
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aqy (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"z?aqy (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"jaqy





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 60-61, Ëåêñèêà 476. The form jag|qu is not really attested: it is a folk etymology related by MK. Turk. > Russ. jega/, see Àíèêèí 195, 721.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je.ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 alder 2 cedarface="Times New Roman Star"1 îëüõà 2 êåäð


face="Times New Roman Star"jerek, jo"rek 1






face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ru"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s/ir@k 1






face="Times New Roman Star"jerek 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|erk 1




face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 206-207, VEWT 204, Ëåêñèêà 130-131. Turk. > Hung. gyu?ru? 'maple'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.gyr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"brownface="Times New Roman Star"áóðûéface="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz, jayz
face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz (AH), jowuz (Ettuhf.)



face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz



face="Times New Roman Star"s/yr(ú)








face="Times New Roman Star"ja:z


face="Times New Roman Star"jawuzface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 4, 64-65, EDT 909. Despite Poppe 61, Âëàäèìèðöîâ 267 and Clauson (EDT 909) Mong. dajir 'brown' - with which they would like to compare the Turkic form - does not exist.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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